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        <title>The China Sourcing Blog</title>
        <link>http://www.chinasourcingblog.org/</link>
        <description></description>
        <language>en</language>
        <copyright>Copyright 2008</copyright>
        <lastBuildDate>Tue, 05 Aug 2008 00:35:26 +0800</lastBuildDate>
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        <item>
            <title>Quantum Leap: Chery and the Emergence of China&apos;s Auto Industry</title>
            <description><![CDATA[<span class="mt-enclosure mt-enclosure-image"><a href="http://www.chinasourcingblog.org/Peri.jpg"><img alt="Peri.jpg" src="http://www.chinasourcingblog.org/assets_c/2008/07/Peri-thumb-150x90.jpg" class="mt-image-left" style="margin: 0pt 20px 20px 0pt; float: left;" height="90" width="150" /></a></span><span class="mt-enclosure mt-enclosure-image"><a href="http://www.chinasourcingblog.org/Panda.jpg"><img alt="Panda.jpg" src="http://www.chinasourcingblog.org/assets_c/2008/07/Panda-thumb-150x88.jpg" class="mt-image-right" style="margin: 0pt 0pt 20px 20px; float: right;" height="88" width="150" /></a></span>
Does the <b>Peri minicar</b> (left), built by China's Great<br />Wall Motor, look remarkably similar to the <b>Fiat Panda</b> (right)?<br /><br /><br />A <a href="http://www.automotiveworld.com/WVMA/content.asp?contentid=69678">Turin court</a> was in no doubt last month when it barred the Peri from being sold in the E.U., after an appeal by Fiat. Yet unsurprisingly, Great Wall Motor was able to <a href="http://www.gasgoo.com/auto-news/7189/Great-Wall-Motor-says-little-affected-by-Fiat-dispute.html">shrug off</a> the Italian court's decision, because a few days later a Chinese court <a href="http://www.gasgoo.com/auto-news/7223/Great-Wall-says-Fiat-claim-dismissed-by-China-court.html">dismissed the claim</a> filed by Fiat in China alleging the GWPeri model was an infringement of its patent.<br /><br />The Peri/Panda case is by no means the first claim of imitation against Chinese auto makers. In 2006 <a href="http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/driving/article720961.ece">The Times</a> described at length how the likes of General Motors, Rolls-Royce, BMW, DaimlerChrysler, Honda, Audi, Nissan, Toyota and Mercedes-Benz have all had to fend off a so-called <i>attack of the clones</i> from Chinese manufacturers like Chery, Shuanghuan, Hongqi, Geely and JiangLing. <a href="http://www.nytimes.com/2007/09/12/business/worldbusiness/12auto.html?_r=1&amp;oref=slogin">Some analysts</a> have even concluded that Western manufacturers have to accept copying as part of the price of doing business in China, like <a href="http://www.nytimes.com/2005/01/09/magazine/09COUNTERFEIT.html?pagewanted=5&amp;_r=2&amp;oref=slogin">Honda concluded</a> when it lost half of its motorcycle manufacturing market share in China to cheaper <a href="http://www.ijbg.ice.it/UploadDocs/89_munekuni.pdf">Chinese immitations</a>. Staying in China, Honda decided, required entering into partnership with some of the very companies copying its bikes.&nbsp;  <br /><br />Yet with the steady growth of the Chinese car market, China is no longer producing just lower-value clones. Chinese brands have grown to the point that <a href="http://www.industryweek.com/ReadArticle.aspx?ArticleID=14000">57%</a> of all vehicles sold in China in 2006 were from local manufacturers, and in March 2006 Chery Automobile became the first Chinese auto maker to top the domestic car sales list. To actually break in to markets overseas, however, and to overcome their disadvantages in product and business model innovation and manufacturing quality, Chinese car makers have to make a quantum leap across the automotive value chain, enhance quality standards while developing unique models. While positioning itself for exports, Chery has been co-operating with global design and engineering experts and is now <a href="http://www.businessweek.com/globalbiz/content/jul2008/gb20080711_116142.htm?chan=search">boosting exports</a> to markets such as Egypt, Italy and Russia.  <br /><br />For many years regarded as low-end, unreliable brands, Chinese auto manufacturing is experiencing a gradual coming of age with the global emergence of Chery, and with the growth of the market in China and government encouragement of R&amp;D, China will gradually lose its knack for manufacturing cheap clones. <br /><br />Additional sources: <br /><i>China. An Automotive Industry on the Verge</i> (<a href="http://www.accenture.com/Global/Research_and_Insights/By_Industry/Automotive/ChinaVergeAutomotiveRI.htm">Accenture</a>)<br /><i>Shaping the Future of China's Auto Industry </i>(<a href="http://www.mckinseyquarterly.com/Shaping_the_future_of_Chinas_auto_industry_1436_abstract">McKinsey</a>)<br /><i>Foreign Technology in China's Automobile Industry</i> (<a href="http://www.wilsoncenter.org/topics/pubs/2-feature_1.pdf">China Environment Series</a>)<br /><br />Images:<br /><a href="http://blogs.automobilemag.com/6243575/editors-soapbox/dodge-durango-hybrid-as-chelsea-tractor/index.html">http://blogs.automobilemag.com</a> (Panda)<br /><a href="http://www.cnnauto.com/cjxw/76427.shtml">http://www.cnnauto.com</a> (Peri)<br /> <div><br /></div><div><br /></div>]]></description>
            <link>http://www.chinasourcingblog.org/2008/08/imitationpartnership-ip-in-the.html</link>
            <guid>http://www.chinasourcingblog.org/2008/08/imitationpartnership-ip-in-the.html</guid>
            
                <category domain="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#category">Industries</category>
            
                <category domain="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#category">Intellectual Property</category>
            
            
                <category domain="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag">automotive industry</category>
            
                <category domain="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag">chery</category>
            
                <category domain="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag">innovation</category>
            
                <category domain="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag">intellectual property protection</category>
            
            <pubDate>Tue, 05 Aug 2008 00:35:26 +0800</pubDate>
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            <title>Its all about the Supplier: Negotiation in China</title>
            <description><![CDATA[<span class="mt-enclosure mt-enclosure-image"><a href="http://www.chinasourcingblog.org/assets_c/2008/07/Negotiation-thumb-230x172.jpg"><img alt="Thumbnail image for Negotiation.JPG" src="http://www.chinasourcingblog.org/assets_c/2008/07/Negotiation-thumb-230x172-thumb-230x172.jpg" class="mt-image-right" style="margin: 0pt 0pt 20px 20px; float: right;" height="172" width="230" /></a></span>Negotiation is often a critical element in closing a sourcing deal, and while the process of negotiation in China is dependent on a complex cultural context, effective negotiation in China can only operate <i>within </i>China's cultural context to seek a positive outcome for both sides. <br /><br />In the first instance, negotiation is the interface between two parties and their respective objectives, and reaching agreement could depend on the skills, knowledge, and flexibility applied. Yet the crucial element is often in the details of the negotiation approach. Alliance Bernstein CPO Jonna Martinez coined the term <i>Immersion Negotiation</i> (h/t <a href="http://www.supplyexcellence.com/blog/2007/08/01/negotiations-its-not-about-you/">Supply Excellence</a>) to underline the need to be the <i>best prepared</i> negotiator: The more you understand the positions, cultures, pressures, and backgrounds of your opposites, the more you can use that knowledge to attain your objectives. While resonating with the ideas of Sun Tzu and <i>The Art of War</i>, there is no doubt that such a strategy is difficult in China while Western and Chinese cultural notions differ so substantially on issues like the use of contracts, the value attached to personal relationships and the issue of face. Yet in China, the applicable saying is 入乡随俗 (ru xiang sui su)*. <br /><br />Hence negotiation in China is rarely straightforward, like with the complex importance attached to building trust and the finer nuances of participating in banquets, dinners, visits and even karaoke. These, as David Dayton writes at <a href="http://silkroadintl.net/blog/2007/02/06/negotiations-strategies-and-experiences/">Silk Road International</a>, are all planned and scripted with clearly defined roles, where foreign buyers are required to play their part in the <i>Chinese script</i>, whether they speak Chinese or not. Of the various ploys and stratagems he experienced in conducting negotiations in China, Dayton deems <i>organization, detail, politeness, a strong will and a healthy dose of patience</i> as the most important. Yet while foreigners in China inevitably have to conduct negotiations under the guise of the <i>foreign buyer</i>, actual negotiating with Chinese suppliers can be a dynamic and unpredictable process in which buyers need to immerse themselves fully in the circumstances and thinking of their Chinese suppliers. There is only one way in China, and while almost anything can be negotiated - it can only be done in the Chinese way.<br /><br />(* When entering the village, follow the local custom.)<br />]]></description>
            <link>http://www.chinasourcingblog.org/2008/07/its-all-about-the-supplier-neg.html</link>
            <guid>http://www.chinasourcingblog.org/2008/07/its-all-about-the-supplier-neg.html</guid>
            
                <category domain="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#category">Opinion</category>
            
                <category domain="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#category">Supply Chain</category>
            
            
                <category domain="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag">chinese cultural considerations</category>
            
                <category domain="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag">negotiation</category>
            
            <pubDate>Tue, 22 Jul 2008 16:00:36 +0800</pubDate>
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            <title>Signs of deeper change: Labor organization and regulation in China</title>
            <description><![CDATA[<span class="mt-enclosure mt-enclosure-image"><a href="http://www.chinasourcingblog.org/chinawal-thumb-298x416.jpg"><img alt="Thumbnail image for chinawal.jpg" src="http://www.chinasourcingblog.org/assets_c/2008/07/chinawal-thumb-298x416-thumb-200x279.jpg" class="mt-image-left" style="margin: 0pt 20px 20px 0pt; float: left;" height="279" width="200" /></a></span>Changes in labor organization and regulation in China are providing a unique perspective on China's systematic move up the production ladder and its embrace of higher-skilled industries.<br /><br />In a <a href="http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2008-07/15/content_8545463.htm">landmark agreement</a>, employees of a Wal-Mart outlet in Shenyang, capital of Liaoning Province in northeastern China, last week signed a collective labor contract with the retailing giant. Under the agreement, employees' salaries will be raised by an annual rate of 8 percent in 2008 and 2009, and standards for minimum pay, paid vacation, social security and overtime pay were agreed to. The <a href="http://laborrightsblog.typepad.com/international_labor_right/2008/07/wal-mart-signs.html">International Labor Rights Fund (ILRF) Blog</a> has hailed the contract as a stepping stone for Walmart's ongoing labor organizing efforts in China (as well as for its influence on the <a href="http://www.acftu.org/">All China Federation of Trade Unions</a>), the successes and challenges of which <a href="http://www.clntranslations.org/article/30/draft">China Labor News Translations</a> have been documenting at length. <br /><br />The ILRF Blog has pointed to <a href="http://sztqb.sznews.com/html/2008-06/02/content_198604.htm">draft labor regulations</a> proclaimed in Shenzhen in June as evidence of the persisting trend towards collective bargaining and legislation in China; and this trend, in turn, as an indication of China's growing conviction that <i>it must move up the production ladder, focusing on higher-skilled industries - or be stuck forever competing with its poorest neighbors for the cheapest manufacturing orders</i>. <br /><br />The <a href="http://www.ihlo.org/LRC/WC/270608.html">IHLO</a> (Hong Kong Liaison Office for the international trade union movement) in June investigated the impact of the Labor Contract Law in the preceding six months of implementation, and concluded that the real impact of the new law has not been its negligible overall impact on labor costs, but rather the way it makes it harder for companies to avoid paying benefits to their employees or to circumvent implementing existing labor legislation. And this encapsulates government policies aimed at transforming China's traditional reliance on low-cost labour and labour-intensive industries to the development of higher-value industries. This process requires companies to invest in employee training, and makes it harder to routinely flout labor regulations. With such incremental developments, the organizational and regulatory outlook for labor in China provides ongoing insight into more long&nbsp; term transformations in the Chinese economy. <br /> <div><br /></div><div>(Image: <a href="http://walmartwatch.com/blog/archives/wal_mart_china_workers_set_up_communist_party_branch/">Wal-Martwatch</a>)<br /></div>]]></description>
            <link>http://www.chinasourcingblog.org/2008/07/signs-of-deeper-change-labor-o.html</link>
            <guid>http://www.chinasourcingblog.org/2008/07/signs-of-deeper-change-labor-o.html</guid>
            
                <category domain="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#category">Industries</category>
            
                <category domain="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#category">Regulation</category>
            
            
                <category domain="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag">labor regulations</category>
            
                <category domain="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag">labour contract law</category>
            
                <category domain="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag">labour costs</category>
            
                <category domain="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag">labour organization</category>
            
                <category domain="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag">transformation in the chinese economy</category>
            
            <pubDate>Mon, 21 Jul 2008 16:23:13 +0800</pubDate>
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            <title>China&apos;s no longer cheap: From Low-Cost to High-Tech</title>
            <description><![CDATA[Chen Weiliang, President of Foxconn International, Taiwan's biggest company and the largest contract manufacturer of electronics worldwide, last week <a href="http://www.chinasourcingnews.com/2008/07/11/38337-foxconn-moves-factory-to-northern-china-to-reduce-costs/">announced </a>that the company will be moving its factories from Shenzhen to northern Chinese provinces such as Hebei and Shanxi, where the average salary is more than 60% lower than in Shenzhen. In addition, Chen said Foxconn will be opening new factories in low-cost markets like Hungary and India <i>to reduce the pressure caused by cost increases</i>.&nbsp; <br /><br />Foxconn's move away from Shenzhen echoes a current chorus of detractors about the fact that China is <a href="http://www.supplychainer.com/50226711/chinabased_supply_chain_becoming_a_threat.php">not so cheap anymore</a>. In the 2008 <a href="http://www.eyeforprocurement.com/index.shtml">eyeforprocurement</a> <i>Low-Cost Country Sourcing Report</i> (available for download <a href="http://www.eyeforprocurement.com/index_news.shtml">here</a>), a full three-quarters of respondents were still sourcing goods from China. Yet 42% of responding companies indicated they were now sourcing goods from Eastern Europe (where Foxconn also plans to produce from), up from 24% in 2007, clearly reflecting this region's emergence as a serious challenger for the world's leading low-cost centre of production. Compared with 2007, almost double the respondents (34%) this year also pointed to Mexico as one of their low-cost countries of choice. <br /><br />China's gradual climb out of low-cost production is contrasted by the steady rise of its high-tech companies and their growing statute in foreign markets. In a <a href="http://www.economics.hawaii.edu/research/workingpapers/WP_04-6.pdf">paper</a> (see <a href="http://econpapers.repec.org/paper/haiwpaper/200406.htm">Econpapers</a> reference) measuring and explaining China's competitiveness and impressive export performance, three US scholars  tracked the spectacular record of Chinese exports since 1990, expanding at more than twice the rate of growth of world trade. High-tech exports from China like office machines, telecom, electrical machinery and parts, moreover, have been growing much more rapidly than traditional Chinese export products like clothing and footwear (though the latter remain quantitatively important). And the explanation for why China has, in comparison with other East Asian countries, become a dominant exporter is clearly <i>not monocausal</i>, but hinges on the coincidence of several factors such as a favorable exchange rate, low wages and supplies of unskilled labour, the reduced cost of communication and transportation, the flow of foreign direct investment, the large scale of the potential Chinese domestic market, and the encouragement of Chinese foreign trade policy. Yet especially important, the authors concluded, is the fact that Chinese producers have become much more proficient at meeting world requirements for quality and product design.&nbsp;  <br /><br />While acknowledging that Chinese private sector high-tech and
electronics companies have improved their productivity,
using scale to dominate the home market, <a href="http://www.mckinseyquarterly.com/High_Tech/The_cost_of_going_global_for_Chinas_high_tech_companies_2138_abstract">The McKinsey Quarterly</a>
for July 2008 remains skeptical about these companies' current
abilities to export their success and effectively absorb the
drastically increased costs this entails, in particular marketing,
R&amp;D, and labor costs. Yet <a href="http://www.scdigest.com/assets/On_Target/08-07-08-2.php?cid=1785&amp;ctype=content">Supply Chain Digest</a> recently outlined ideas presented in the book <i>Dragons at Your Door: How Chinese Cost Innovation is Disrupting Global Competition</i> by Peter Williamson and Ming Zeng, who pointed to a new generation of Chinese competitors using not just low labor costs but also <i>total cost innovation</i> in product design and the supply chain to gain competitive advantage. <br /><br />Despite the difficulties, it seems to be a question of when, and not if more Chinese companies will successfully compete abroad. <br />]]></description>
            <link>http://www.chinasourcingblog.org/2008/07/chinas-no-longer-cheap-from-lo.html</link>
            <guid>http://www.chinasourcingblog.org/2008/07/chinas-no-longer-cheap-from-lo.html</guid>
            
                <category domain="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#category">Industries</category>
            
                <category domain="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#category">Supply Chain</category>
            
            
                <category domain="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag">china domestic market</category>
            
                <category domain="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag">high-technology production</category>
            
                <category domain="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag">labor costs</category>
            
            <pubDate>Fri, 18 Jul 2008 10:40:24 +0800</pubDate>
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            <title>At an Inflection Point? Dealing with increased costs and risk in global supply chains</title>
            <description><![CDATA[There are many reasons today why <i>Assembled in America </i>makes more sense than <i>Made in America, </i>even though the latter, as Gail Dutton writes at <a href="http://www.worldtrademag.com/CDA/Articles/Feature_Article/BNP_GUID_9-5-2006_A_10000000000000351895">World Trade Magazine</a>, signifies innovation, quality and reliability. Based on the experiences of commodity leader Mark Thompson from plant genetics leader Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Dutton extrapolates ten basic premises why companies today would logically take recourse to global sourcing, ranging from the geographic availability of materials and technology and varying costs of goods and labour, to the value of joint ventures and the wisdom of establishing additional sources of supply.  Under such basic formulae the process of outsourcing and especially the phenomenon of low-cost country sourcing have expanded significantly over the last thirty years. <br /><br />Yet there are indications that global sourcing is set to enter a critical phase, or a strategic inflection point brought on by structural changes and altered estimations of cost and risk. <br /><br />The impact of high and rising energy costs is currently a fundamental issue complicating (as Bob Ferrari puts it at <a href="http://www.theferrarigroup.com/blog1/?p=46">Supply Chain Matters</a>) the interrelationships and flow of goods across global supply chains, which he believes will ultimately structurally alter supply chain and sourcing strategies. <a href="http://www.scdigest.com/assets/FirstThoughts/08-06-26.php?cid=1772&amp;ctype=content">Supply Chain Digest</a> has even raised the specter of a so-called <i>Perfect Storm</i> developing in transportation with oil prices at unprecedented levels and other energy costs also on the rise. This all contributes to complexity in the supply chain and the the advent of <i>risk mitigating fever</i>, or <i>a regulatory choke hold</i> as supply chains become <i>fast, cheap and out of control</i>. <br /><br />An <a href="http://www.amrresearch.com/">AMR</a> Research Study (see <a href="http://www.prnewswire.com/cgi-bin/stories.pl?ACCT=104&amp;STORY=/www/story/06-23-2008/0004837059&amp;EDATE=">press release</a>) recently found the U.S. (35%) and China (28%) to be the regions with the most supply chain risk for manufacturers; and rising transportation costs (51%), volatile commodity prices (43%) and weakening consumer spending (37%) were identified as the top supply chain concerns. A study released this year by <a href="http://www.marshriskconsulting.com/st/PDEv_C_371_SC_228136_NR_306_PI_994639.htm">Marsh</a>, however (see also  <a href="http://blog.sourcinginnovation.com/2008/06/25/risk-is-on-the-rise--but-you-can-do-something-about-it.aspx">Sourcing Innovation</a> blog), served to quantify the extreme degree risk has increased in global supply chains in the last few years, with 73% of North American risk managers indicating their supply chain risk has risen since 2005. Yet most businesses are ill-prepared to handle the rising risk levels, with only 35% reporting that their supply chain risk management was <i>moderately </i>effective.<br /><br />Notwithstanding the substantial risks in global supply chains, manufacturers are still increasingly looking to their supply chains to boost profits and cut costs. <a href="http://www.procurementleaders.com/news/latestnews/manufacturers-supply-chain/?version=1">Procurement Leaders</a> last week reported research conducted by <a href="http://chinasourcingblog.org/blog/mt-static/html/Archstone%20Consulting">Archstone Consulting</a> which found that over 80% of manufacturers have responded to the current economic climate by devising aggressive agendas to boost sales and cut costs. Todd Lavieri, CEO of Archstone Consulting, explained that <br /><blockquote><blockquote><i>In the past, manufacturers simply used their supply chains as a means to control costs by improving efficiencies. Now, they are using their supply chains as a mechanism to boost revenue and improve customer satisfaction through capabilities like better management of highly customized products, quicker delivery times, and more integrated services.</i></blockquote></blockquote><blockquote><blockquote> </blockquote></blockquote>]]></description>
            <link>http://www.chinasourcingblog.org/2008/07/at-an-inflection-point-dealing.html</link>
            <guid>http://www.chinasourcingblog.org/2008/07/at-an-inflection-point-dealing.html</guid>
            
                <category domain="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#category">Regulation</category>
            
                <category domain="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#category">Supply Chain</category>
            
            
            <pubDate>Tue, 01 Jul 2008 17:00:45 +0800</pubDate>
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            <title>The China Story: Why sourcing is changing</title>
            <description><![CDATA[According to a report by the Renmin University of China and Donghai Securities, the Chinese economy has just peaked. <br /><br />From the <a href="http://english.people.com.cn/90001/90776/90884/6431119.html">People's Daily</a>, this report envisages China to be on the verge of a systematic slowdown after decades of unsurpassed economic growth. Due to a d<i>eteriorating external environment and a tightening of domestic policy</i>, China's economy is forecast to grow at a slower rate of 10.4% in 2008, presumably the first indication of a sustained weakening of economic growth. The current situation also has the (Chinese) editors of the <a href="http://www.eeo.com.cn/ens//Observer/2008/06/16/103257.html">Economic Observer</a> slightly worried, and for them too 2008 is the year in which the <i>ideal track</i> of the Chinese economy has been <i>broken</i> with slower growth, inflation and unemployment, intertwined with surging oil and food prices and a depreciating dollar - contributing to fewer Chinese exports during the first four months of 2008. Yet there are solid grounds for remaining confident, the editors conclude, as recent figures suggest that China's exports of primary, low-cost processing and low-value-added products have decreased, while exports of high-tech products have increased significantly, indicating a steady improvement of China's export structure.<br /><br />Reflecting on the Chinese economy's ability over the years to overcome a host of obstacles in continuing to register double digit growth, Richard Brubaker at <a href="http://www.allroadsleadtochina.com/">All Roads Lead to China</a>  recently pointed to another 'Is the China story over?' type of article, this time from <a href="http://www.fool.com/investing/international/2008/06/12/is-the-china-story-over.aspx">The Motley Fool</a>, whose authors traveled to Xi'an to see <i>the real China</i> and concluded  that the China story is clearly far from over. Irrespective of the opulence of cities like Beijing and Shanghai, there is still a long way to go in improving the financial lives of all of China's 1.3 billion people, and with large developments planned a second-tier city like Xi'an (the designated center for westward migration in China) is destined to<i> be a very different city in a few years</i>. Thus the trajectory of the <i>China story</i> is more poignantly reflected in World Bank statistics compiled by Mark J. Perry at <a href="http://seekingalpha.com/article/80444-the-power-of-the-market-600-million-people-in-china-lifted-out-of-poverty-since-1981?source=feed">Seeking Alpha</a>: Economic reforms from 1978 have helped lift 635 million Chinese people out of poverty, from 839 million in 1981 to 204 million in 2005, with the poverty rate falling from 53% in 1981 to&nbsp; 8% in 2001. (China's story would be incomplete, however, without inevitably assessing the grave ecological costs that rapid economic growth has entailed, as Gaoming Jiang recently did at <a href="http://www.chinadialogue.net/article/show/single/en/2094">China Dialogue</a>). <br /><br />Reflecting thus the broader trajectory of an evolving Chinese economy, the dynamics of low-cost sourcing from China is inexorably changing as well. Analyzing the logistical complexities of utilizing cheaper production in developing nations, Robert J. Bowman at <a href="http://www.supplychainbrain.com/content/nc/headline-news/single-article/article/emerging-economies-cheaper-productionand-more-headaches/">Supply Chain Brain</a> (h/t <a href="http://www.esourcingforum.com/archives/2008/06/16/barriers-to-cheaper-production-in-emerging-economies/">E-Sourcing Forum</a>) last month emphasized the rising costs of raw materials and labour in China, with the latter being a sign of <i>a growing middle class with new wage demands</i>. Hence, Bowman writes, multinationals in search of cheap labour are moving into less-developed countries, a process which results in further delays and logistical headaches in the supply chain.<br /><br />As the China story unfolds, however, it is clear that China might eventually completely price itself out of low-cost country sourcing, and when that happens it will form part of a remarkable Chinese story of economic growth and development, often against significant odds, and undoubtedly at great ecological cost, yet ultimately an astounding human achievement. <br />]]></description>
            <link>http://www.chinasourcingblog.org/2008/06/the-china-story-why-sourcing-i.html</link>
            <guid>http://www.chinasourcingblog.org/2008/06/the-china-story-why-sourcing-i.html</guid>
            
                <category domain="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#category">Opinion</category>
            
                <category domain="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#category">Supply Chain</category>
            
            
                <category domain="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag">china development</category>
            
                <category domain="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag">china economic growth</category>
            
                <category domain="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag">economic outlook</category>
            
                <category domain="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag">low-cost china sourcing</category>
            
            <pubDate>Thu, 19 Jun 2008 00:45:25 +0800</pubDate>
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        <item>
            <title>Weak links in the supply chain: Risk can never be outsourced</title>
            <description><![CDATA[Small players: they are the weakest link (h/t <a href="http://www.supplychainer.com/50226711/smaller_european_importers_and_chinese_manufacturers_are_the_weakest_link_in_the_supply_chain_research_finds.phphttp://">Supplychainer</a>). <br /><br />This was the finding of an <a href="http://www.reuters.com/article/latestCrisis/idUSL05789718">independent report</a> commissioned by the EU, <i>Evaluating Business and Safety Measures in the Toy Supply Chain</i>, which concluded that China has taken steps to address safety concerns after the recalls of last year, yet small players all round - both among Chinese manufacturers and European importers - tend to be the soft spots in the supply chain. According to the report's independent <i>expert </i>authors, final product testing alone is insufficient to guarantee product safety (which instead has to be embedded in the entire supply chain), and Chinese enforcement authorities should continue to strengthen supervision of the Chinese toy industry, <i>especially focusing on weaker manufacturers</i>. One example of these would presumably be Guangzhou Dongxin Electronics Co., Ltd., which turned out to be the only substandard toy maker in a recent <a href="http://www.chinasourcingnews.com/2008/06/05/36286-guangzhou-about-30-of-childrens-apparel-substandard/">review</a> of the Guangzhou market undertaken by the Guangzhou Municipal Quality Inspection Bureau before International Children's Day. (For children's apparel, however, the review found 30% of clothing to be substandard). <br /><br />Yet because of these weak links in the supply chain and the substandard products that have menaced consumers, as an indication of how the debate on outsourcing has shifted, serious quality and safety concerns in outsourced products have led consumers and regulators to question whether products using global suppliers are of sufficient quality for end-users. And these <i>intense discussions</i>, as Ben Heineman writes at <a href="http://www.forbes.com/opinions/2008/05/25/outsourcing-global-safety-oped-outsourcing08-cx_bwh_0529safety.html">Forbes.com</a>,  have moved outsourcing to the top of the globalization agenda and focused attention on the need for more regulation. And while the role of sourcing countries, such as China, in setting and enforcing standards have likewise been emphasized, for Heineman this should not obscure the fundamental point with regulation, namely<br /><blockquote><blockquote><i>Businesses are responsible for their products and must have sourcing disciplines which ensure their products are free of safety and quality defects...This basic responsibility exists whether the business is sourcing a finished product or components...or whether it sources from one supplier or must rely on second- and third-tier suppliers...</i><br /></blockquote></blockquote>With today's elaborate global supply chains, moreover, the <i>deverticalization </i>of the manufacturing process through off-shoring and outsourcing does not change that ultimate responsibility of companies to <i>take things in their own hands</i> through all stages of the sourcing process,<br /><blockquote><blockquote>f<i>rom solicitation of bids to qualification of suppliers to monitoring, auditing and testing by the ultimate seller of the product before it enters the market. Due diligence...is required to navigate the many shoals of shoddy businesses in the developing world - and to pierce the first-tier supplier, drilling back to the practices of second- and third-tier suppliers.<br /></i></blockquote></blockquote>In global supply chains, therefore, as Bob Ferrari points out at <a href="http://www.theferrarigroup.com/blog1/?p=47">Supply Chain Matters</a>, the only thing that companies cannot outsource is risk. <blockquote><blockquote></blockquote></blockquote><blockquote><blockquote></blockquote></blockquote> ]]></description>
            <link>http://www.chinasourcingblog.org/2008/06/weak-links-in-the-supply-chain.html</link>
            <guid>http://www.chinasourcingblog.org/2008/06/weak-links-in-the-supply-chain.html</guid>
            
                <category domain="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#category">Quality Control</category>
            
                <category domain="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#category">Regulation</category>
            
                <category domain="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#category">Supply Chain</category>
            
            
                <category domain="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag">product qualty</category>
            
                <category domain="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag">product safety</category>
            
                <category domain="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag">regulation</category>
            
                <category domain="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag">supply chain risk management</category>
            
            <pubDate>Wed, 11 Jun 2008 02:00:48 +0800</pubDate>
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        <item>
            <title>Taking a cue from Barack Obama: Collaboration and networking in global supply chains</title>
            <description><![CDATA[<span class="mt-enclosure mt-enclosure-image"><img alt="obama IV.jpg" src="http://www.chinasourcingblog.org/obama%20IV.jpg" class="mt-image-right" style="margin: 0pt 0pt 20px 20px; float: right;" height="314" width="208" /></span>I could not help being somewhat sidetracked this week by unprecedented political events in the U.S. as Barack Obama became the presidential nominee for the Democratic Party. Conducting his campaign with a message of substantial change, Barack Obama has also indicated a desire to engage more constructively with China. <a href="http://www.chinadialogue.net/article/show/single/en/2054">China Dialogue</a> recently compared and analyzed the policies of both presidential candidates on climate change, and has republished <a href="http://www.chinadialogue.net/article/show/single/en/2037-An-alternative-US-vision-for-a-new-energy-future">in full</a> Obama's speech from late May setting out his vision for a new energy future. Bemoaning the U.S.' <i>failure to lead</i> on climate change and its <i>struggling to stay relevant</i> in the debate, Obama noted that <i>already some coal pollution from China's dirty plants is making its way to California</i>, and in an effort to curb China's carbon emissions, he promised that<blockquote><blockquote><i>as we develop new forms of clean energy at home, we will share our technology and innovations with all the rest of the world. If we can build a clean coal plant in America, China should be able to as well.&nbsp; </i><br /></blockquote></blockquote>Obama's willingness to more readily share technology and innovations with China resonates with the approach adopted by German chemicals manufacturer BASF, which is finalizing plans for an ambitious joint venture in Nanjing with China energy group Sinopec in which the latter is set to receive $900m in investment to boost output by 25% over the next three years. Martin Brudermuller, head of BASF's Asia activities, told <a href="http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/79a2acb8-2cd7-11dd-88c6-000077b07658.html?nclick_check=1">FT.com</a> that the Nanjing operation will <br /><blockquote><blockquote><i>aim to gain expertise in combining China's famed low cost</i><br /><i>with the development of new design and production skills. If all goes to plan, this will involve importing ideas from BASF's operations around the world and linking these with concepts developed by BASF's 6,000-strong staff in China.</i><br /></blockquote></blockquote>According to Brudermuller, such an approach is required as China's economy starts to mature. Yet BASF's strategy in China is part of a current wider phenomenon as China goes through (as the FT.com article puts it) <i>a more subtle phase</i>:<br /><blockquote><blockquote><i>Known for its rapid progress to become the world's joint-second most productive manufacturing region, China...is becoming a giant test bed for manufacturing ideas, building on its existing strengths in low-cost production by using the efforts of engineers and developers not just in China but from around the world.</i> <br /></blockquote></blockquote>The article goes on to cite Jimmy Hexter, a director at the Beijing office of the McKinsey strategy company, who claimed that the greatest commercial rewards will be reaped by companies who are able to optimally utilize <i>networking </i>approaches that link different groups in different countries. <br /><br />The growing imperative for networking and collaboration in global supply chains has also been emphasized in a new report and <a href="http://www.futuresupplychain.com/model/">supply chain model</a>, <a href="http://www.futuresupplychain.com/downloads/"><i>Future Supply Chain 2016</i></a>, published by the Global Commerce Initiative and consulting firm Capgemini. Citing the new report, <a href="http://www.sustainablelifemedia.com/products/story/collaboration_key_to_supply_chain_sustainability_success">Sustainable Life Media</a> outlined the best way companies can redesign their supply chains for maximum efficiency:<br /><blockquote><blockquote><i>The coming years will see a new era for industry collaboration, which will become an important factor for future success...Some business areas that are now considered to be core differentiators may well become candidates for collaboration with competitors. </i><br /></blockquote></blockquote>Cooperation in the form of information sharing and collaborative warehousing and distribution, the report found, can offer efficiencies that companies simply cannot achieve on their own.<br />]]></description>
            <link>http://www.chinasourcingblog.org/2008/06/taking-a-cue-from-barack-obama.html</link>
            <guid>http://www.chinasourcingblog.org/2008/06/taking-a-cue-from-barack-obama.html</guid>
            
                <category domain="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#category">Industries</category>
            
                <category domain="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#category">Supply Chain</category>
            
            
                <category domain="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag">Barack Obama</category>
            
                <category domain="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag">BASF</category>
            
                <category domain="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag">energy</category>
            
                <category domain="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag">energy security</category>
            
                <category domain="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag">Sinopec</category>
            
                <category domain="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag">supply chain management</category>
            
                <category domain="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag">supply chain models</category>
            
            <pubDate>Fri, 06 Jun 2008 17:02:19 +0800</pubDate>
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        <item>
            <title>Waiting for something to give: Transportation costs and the soaring price of oil</title>
            <description><![CDATA[Is low-cost country sourcing set to become a victim of the rising costs of oil? <br /><br />A new article from <a href="http://www.sourcingmag.com/offsite.asp?A=Fr&amp;Url=http://www.purchasing.com/article/CA6564651.html?industryid=48397">Purchasing.com</a> reports on an Economics and Strategy Report from <a href="http://www.cibcwm.com/wm/">CIBC World Markets</a> in Toronto, whose chief economist believes that the rapidly rising costs of transportation may be reversing globalization as businesses are forced to look closer to home for suppliers. Claiming that rising costs will once again make the world <i>rounder</i>, the article notes that the combination of global raw material costs and high energy costs in China have led to receding Chinese exports of such products as steel, furniture, footwear, metal goods and industrial materials. Interpreting the CIBC World Markets Report as a sign that transport costs are erasing China's <i>labour savings edge</i>, the <a href="http://www.canada.com/montrealgazette/news/business/story.html?id=ab6ed85f-9059-442d-81fa-f8a9044060db">Montreal Gazette</a> cites from the report that it currently costs $8,000 to ship a standard 40-foot container from Shanghai to the North American east coast, up from just $3,000 in 2000, and at $200 per barrel of oil, the cost to ship the same container is likely to reach $15,000, making the cost of moving goods the largest barrier to global trade today. <br /><br />While the greatest impact of rising oil prices is on poor, oil importing countries, record prices even have <a href="http://news.moneycentral.msn.com/provider/providerarticle.aspx?feed=OBR&amp;date=20080421&amp;id=8510698">energy producers concerned</a>. During talks between energy producers and consumers held in Rome in late April, OPEC oil ministers insisted the problem has nothing to do with short-term supply but is rather the result of a weak U.S. dollar. Yet in October last year <a href="http://www.chinadialogue.net/article/show/single/en/1430-Peak-oil-bleak-future-">China Dialogue</a> analyzed the findings of a German <a href="http://www.energywatchgroup.org/Reports.24+M5d637b1e38d.0.html">energy study</a> produced by the <a href="http://www.energywatchgroup.org/Mission.11+M5d637b1e38d.0.html">Energy Watch Group</a> (EWG) which found that petroleum output peaked in 2006 and henceforth would drop annually. Expecting world oil production to fall by as much as half by 2030, the study envisioned apocalyptic consequences when extreme shortages of fossil fuels and rising demand lead to economic restructuring and social breakdown. In China, the rising price of oil is particularly daunting, as Donald Straszheim comments at <a href="http://www.forbes.com/home/2008/05/27/gas-inflation-china-oped-cx_dhs_0528oilchina.html">Forbes.com</a>, because while its strong economy has been a key
driver inflating prices, China has a burgeoning appetite for oil with demand growing 65%
faster than the U.S. and four times faster than India, complicated by China having to import over half of its oil while controlling retail prices with inflation in excess of 8%.&nbsp;  <br /><br /><a href="http://www.cargonewsasia.com/secured/article.aspx?article=16207">Cargonews</a> reported this week that, in response to the <i>dizzying </i>rise of bunker fuel prices, shipping lines have <i>shredded </i>almost all of last year's customer contracts, in contrast to previous years when contracts were usually extended for another year. As fuel prices are making it hard for lines to make a profit, oil price <i>shock has replaced the traditional arm wrestling at the negotiating table over the rates for the peak season</i> from July through October. Hence more emphasis is being placed on volume discounts, guaranteed sailing dates and shipments, and long-term pledges by shippers. <br /><br />Dan Gilmore at <a href="http://www.scdigest.com/assets/FirstThoughts/08-03-20.php?cid=1563&amp;ctype=content">Supply Chain Digest</a> recently analyzed the cost impacts of rising oil prices on supply chain network design. Incorporating the analysis of MIT professor and <i>supply chain thought leader</i> Dr. David Simchi-Levi, who used data from a real consumer goods company, it was found that every $10 per barrel price increase of crude oil amounts to a 4-cent per mile increase in transportation costs in the U.S., yet when the price of crude oil surpasses $150, <i>things really start to change</i>:<br /><blockquote><blockquote><i>At that point, rising transportation costs start to significantly impact both where products are made and what the distribution network looks like...Rising oil prices would have the effect of changing the way we think about outsourcing and offshoring, after 10 years of a mad rush to China and other Asian locations.</i> <br /></blockquote></blockquote>Yet if $150 is an ominous benchmark, Gilmore expects that we will <a href="http://www.scdigest.com/assets/FirstThoughts/08-05-15.php?cid=1681&amp;ctype=content"><i>blow past $200 in a heartbeat</i></a>, so with some fitting hyperbole of the doom that awaits us, Gilmore likens the impact of rising fuel costs to an unwitting frog in a pot of water being slowly heated:<br /><blockquote><blockquote><i>We're being boiled alive, but may not realize it until its too late. The US economy and our supply chains can be very resilient, but at some point in both, something has to give.</i>&nbsp; </blockquote></blockquote>]]></description>
            <link>http://www.chinasourcingblog.org/2008/05/waiting-for-something-to-give.html</link>
            <guid>http://www.chinasourcingblog.org/2008/05/waiting-for-something-to-give.html</guid>
            
                <category domain="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#category">Resources</category>
            
                <category domain="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#category">Transport/Shipping</category>
            
            
                <category domain="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag">fuel</category>
            
                <category domain="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag">low-cost china sourcing</category>
            
                <category domain="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag">oil price</category>
            
                <category domain="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag">supply chain management</category>
            
                <category domain="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag">transportation costs</category>
            
            <pubDate>Fri, 30 May 2008 13:25:12 +0800</pubDate>
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            <title>You have to be here: China sourcing and quality control</title>
            <description><![CDATA[In the latest of their <a href="http://www.i4cp.com/i4cp/Post_32119.aspx?ContentType=TrendWatcher"><i>TrendWatcher</i></a> series, the <a href="http://www.i4cp.com/i4cp/About.aspx">Institute for Corporate Productivity</a> last week produced a piece entitled <i>China's Quality Squeeze</i>, which incorporates a range of statistics, notably:<br /><ul><li>70% of product recalls in 2007 involved Chinese goods, a scenario which has been greatly helped by the<br /></li><li>30% annual increase of Chinese imports to the U.S. from 2001 to 2005, so that today</li><li>40% of all U.S. consumer imports come from China.<br /></li></ul>This despite the range of well-publicized China supply-chain <i>quality</i> <i>lapses and gaffes</i> of 2007, which have, however, not significantly dampened foreign firms' confidence in continuing to source from China. Instead, the strategic impact of the recent wave of quality concerns in China is inducing companies to inject more stringent quality control measures in their dealings with Chinese suppliers. Even so, the TrendWatcher piece continues, in its examination of best practices and risk factors for sourcing goods from China, a Quality Executive Board (QEB) survey found satisfaction with Chinese imports confined to a relatively small segment of companies that have developed long-range supply chain strategies that employ <i>diligent pre-contract vetting and costly onsite visits</i>. <br /> <br />In outlining how sub-quality products can reach the international marketplace, contract manufacturer Mike Bellamy at <a href="http://www.smartchinasourcing.com/china-product-quality/china-product-quality-china-product-recalls.html">Smart China Sourcing</a> recently  pointed to <i>how bad things can happen</i> when a certain set of factors <i>overlap</i>. The fast growth of China's production base in recent years has given rise to a rapidly changing environment with a wide range of manufacturers of various quality standards. And as today's communication technology facilitates increasing numbers of first-time foreign buyers to suffer from a lack of experience in sourcing from China, an uninformed choice may lie at the root of product quality problems. (See also Sebastian Bretau at <a href="http://www.chinasuccessstories.com/2008/05/20/implementing-quality-control/">China Success Stories</a> on how product inspection, auditing and testing can be used to spot potential issues <i>before shipping</i>, rather than upon delivery).<br /><br />In a familiar refrain recurringly echoed by  <a href="http://silkroadintl.net/blog/">Silk Road International</a>'s David Dayton, Bellamy  writes<br /><blockquote><blockquote><i>The single most critical action you can take to ensure a successful sourcing program is to visit your selected factory. </i><br /></blockquote></blockquote>In fact, in <a href="http://silkroadintl.net/blog/2008/05/23/youre-not-getting-what-you-asked-for-really/">Dayton</a>'s experience, the money saved from not coming to China <i>multiple times</i> will be lost in missed delivery dates or quality problems. Yet simply making it to China is not enough, because without painstaking diligence on your part, <i>you're not going to get what you asked for</i>. In Dayton's list of rules for international purchase managers, this diligence includes, among other things:<br /><ul><li>personally speaking Chinese (I suspect, the first problem)</li><li>personally and physically having samples tested and confirming they match production, and<br /></li><li>never getting angry in the midst of problems (the challenge is to get your supplier <i>to like you</i>).</li></ul>And if you do make it to your Chinese factory, Dayton advises, beware if their answer to all your questions is 'no problem, of course we can do that,' because then you are simply<i> not going to get what you asked for</i>.   <blockquote><blockquote></blockquote></blockquote> ]]></description>
            <link>http://www.chinasourcingblog.org/2008/05/if-youre-not-here-china-sourci.html</link>
            <guid>http://www.chinasourcingblog.org/2008/05/if-youre-not-here-china-sourci.html</guid>
            
                <category domain="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#category">Quality Control</category>
            
            
                <category domain="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag">china supply chain</category>
            
                <category domain="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag">product recalls</category>
            
                <category domain="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag">quality control</category>
            
            <pubDate>Tue, 27 May 2008 01:00:13 +0800</pubDate>
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            <title>Limited yet uncertain: Economic impact of the Sichuan earthquake</title>
            <description><![CDATA[<span class="mt-enclosure mt-enclosure-image"><img alt="quake3.JPG" src="http://www.chinasourcingblog.org/quake3.JPG" class="mt-image-left" style="margin: 0pt 20px 20px 0pt; float: left;" height="250" width="289" /></span>While China remains gripped in the traumatic aftermath of the devastating Sichuan earthquake that have juxtaposed extreme tragedy and national outpourings of grief with <a href="http://www.globalvoicesonline.org/2008/05/19/china%e5%9b%bd%e6%ae%87-survival-stories-in-quake/">heroism and sheer determination to save more lives</a>, the economic impact of the quake is largely regarded as <i>limited</i>. While an important producer of agricultural products, Sichuan comprises about 4% of China's GDP production and most of the province's developed areas were left largely undamaged. Chinese government sources estimated the quake to have affected 14,207 industrial companies, however, which may have incurred losses of <a href="http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601068&amp;sid=aLCmQ99.4NwM&amp;refer=home">67 billion yuan</a>, equal to about 0.5% of China's GDP for 2007. State-owned enterprises are estimated to have incurred losses of about <a href="http://www.iht.com/articles/ap/2008/05/21/business/AS-FIN-China-Quake-Losses.php">30 billion yuan</a>, and around 3,000 employees of these companies are injured, dead or missing. <br /><br />As such the quake is expected to rather aggravate inflation than impede economic growth, and the loss of farm output in Sichuan will impact already tight supplies of rice and pork. Anticipating more upward pressure on prices, Premier <a href="http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601068&amp;sid=aLCmQ99.4NwM&amp;refer=home">Wen Jiabao</a> this week described the quake's impact as <i>uncertain</i>, and of immediate concern is the formidable challenge of sheltering close to <a href="http://chinadaily.com.cn/china/2008-05/21/content_6700222.htm">5 million</a> residents left homeless in Sichuan. Yet coupled with the effects of a mature industrial base and the new labor law, the quake could amount to what David Dayton at <a href="http://silkroadintl.net/blog/2008/05/20/what-will-the-earthquake-cost-outside-of-sichuan/">Silk Road Blog</a> calls <i>a perfect storm of price increases</i>, and production costs from most of China's east coast relying on cheap labor from other provinces will be directly affected. <br /><br />Yet while the quake is a human tragedy more than an economic one, much of the uncertainty rests on the potential impact on China's energy infrastructure and raw materials supply. <a href="http://greenleapforward.com/2008/05/20/the-energy-implications-of-the-sichuan-earthquake/">The Green Leap Forward</a> has put together a posting on the quake's impact on energy in Sichuan, which is a major onshore gas producer and China's largest hydropower generating region. Sichuan's electricity grid is reportedly running at 76% of pre-quake levels with 27 power stations shuttered, and 22 coal mines in Sichuan, Chongqing and Gansu were also affected by the quake. Furthermore, the operations of Dongfang Turbine, which produces 30% of China's locally made turbines (and is also the third largest domestic manufacturer of wind turbines), were <i>virtually wiped out</i>. In addition, with 391 dams believed badly damaged by the quake, the Water Resources Ministry has acknowledged <i>major safety issues</i> with reservoirs, hydropower stations and lakes. Earlier this year, the deputy minister of Water Resources admitted that roughly 37,000 of the country's 87,000 dams are in a <i>dangerous </i>state.&nbsp; &nbsp; ]]></description>
            <link>http://www.chinasourcingblog.org/2008/05/limited-yet-uncertain-economic.html</link>
            <guid>http://www.chinasourcingblog.org/2008/05/limited-yet-uncertain-economic.html</guid>
            
                <category domain="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#category">Industries</category>
            
            
                <category domain="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag">energy</category>
            
                <category domain="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag">Sichuan earthquake economic impact</category>
            
            <pubDate>Thu, 22 May 2008 01:00:34 +0800</pubDate>
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            <title>Achievements and Challenges: China&apos;s ongoing struggle with IP</title>
            <description><![CDATA[This year's <a href="http://www.ag-ip-news.com/GetArticle.asp?Art_ID=5762">World Intellectual Property Day</a> on April 26 focused on celebrating innovation and promoting respect for intellectual property (IP). In his message to mark the eighth World IP Day, World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO, of which China is also a <a href="http://www.wipo.int/members/en/details.jsp?country_id=38&amp;country_code=CN">member state</a>) director general Dr. Kamil Idris hailed the growing popularity of World IP Day, and explained what IP has to do with the <i>really big issues like global warming</i> or the <i>things that add spice to life</i>: <br /><blockquote><blockquote><i>Without Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs), many new technologies developed to tackle global problems would never see the light of day and the great sporting events, which entertain and unite us, would not be broadcast into homes across the globe. </i><br /></blockquote></blockquote>With the added significance of the <i>greatest </i>sporting event taking place in China this year, China's role in protecting the things that add <i>spice </i>to life remains a hot issue. To illustrate its achievements as well as its determination with IPR, China welcomed IP Day this year by means of a<i> <a href="http://www.chinacsr.com/2008/04/23/2284-book-burning-47-million-pirated-publications-destroyed-in-china/">Book Burning</a></i>, where as many as 47 million pieces of pirated and illegal publications were destroyed across China. <br /><br />Despite the evident importance attached to protecting IP in China (<a href="http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/china/2008-04/09/content_6604252.htm">IPR guidelines</a> were last month approved by the State Council in lieu of a national strategy) and the series of <a href="http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2008-04/15/content_7981882.htm">campaigns</a> launched in recent years against crimes related to the infringement of copyrights, trademarks and patent rights (<a href="http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2008-04/15/content_7981882.htm">more than 4,300</a> people were tried and convicted on IPR infringements in 2007), the '<a href="http://www.ustr.gov/Document_Library/Press_Releases/2008/April/USTR_Issues_2008_Special_301_Report.html">Special 301 Report</a>' on the global state of IP (annually produced by the Office of the U.S. Trade Representative) described China as <i>troublesome </i>for failing to protect U.S. patents and copyrights. From an article at <a href="http://www.industryweek.com/ReadArticle.aspx?ArticleID=16306">Industry Week</a>, the Special 301 Report emphasized China's overbearing role in a sophisticated global counterfeiting network (citing estimates from U.S. copyright industries that up to 95% of their members' products sold in China are pirated), and attributed this to<i> inadequate </i>IP rights enforcement and <i>high criminal thresholds</i> in China. (See also <a href="http://www.businessweek.com/globalbiz/content/may2008/gb20080515_262289.htm?chan=top+news_top+news+index_global+business">Business Week</a> on the fifth annual Global PC Software Piracy Study and its findings on the <i>pronounced </i>rates of software piracy in second and third-tier Chinese cities).<br /><br />European Commission president Jose Barroso in March <a href="http://www.iht.com/articles/2008/04/17/business/piracy.php">claimed</a> that China is the source of 80% of all fake goods in the world, and while acclaiming the concrete steps taken by the Chinese government to rein in rampant counterfeiting in China, State Intellectual Property Office spokesman Yin Xintian <a href="http://www.iht.com/articles/2008/04/17/business/piracy.php">acknowledged<u> </u></a>last month the uphill struggle against piracy in China, where an IPR protection system has only existed for a relatively short time of about 20 years. Yet as <a href="http://www.chinalawandbusiness.com/2008/04/18/chinas-ip-efforts-are-laudable-despite-constant-western-criticism/">China Esquire</a> urges, China's apparent predominance in global IP violations should be seen in the context of its large population, and in fact the Chinese government should be commended for its determination to enforce IP regulations:  <br /><blockquote><blockquote><i>Yes, there is always much more to do. But we are talking about stemming a flood...It will take a LONG time before IP is as highly regarded as it is in America... But for now, can we just applaud the government's efforts?</i><br /></blockquote></blockquote>And for now, moreover, the <a href="http://www.uschina.org/info/ipr/ipr-best-practices.html">U.S.-China Business Council</a> recommends (link from <a href="http://news.thomasnet.com/IMT/archives/2008/05/how-to-protect-intellectual-property-preventative-action-fraud-counterfeit-crimes.html">Thomasnet.com</a>) any successful China IP protection strategy to have both defensive and offensive elements, with companies required to combine all the necessary preventive measures (i.e. rigorous auditing, educating of employees and speedy registering of works) with devoting time and resources to detecting violations and taking legal action, because <br /><blockquote><blockquote><i>A company's legal rights mean little in China unless the company chooses to protect them</i>.  <br /></blockquote></blockquote> ]]></description>
            <link>http://www.chinasourcingblog.org/2008/05/achievements-and-challenges-ch.html</link>
            <guid>http://www.chinasourcingblog.org/2008/05/achievements-and-challenges-ch.html</guid>
            
                <category domain="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#category">Intellectual Property</category>
            
            
                <category domain="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag">intellectual property protection</category>
            
                <category domain="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag">IP enforcement</category>
            
                <category domain="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag">world intellectual property day</category>
            
            <pubDate>Sun, 18 May 2008 18:34:02 +0800</pubDate>
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            <title>Sourcing and paying online: Alibaba, e-Future and B2B</title>
            <description><![CDATA[Business-to-business (B2B) is still a relatively novel concept in sourcing from China, as most payments are still made via more conventional methods, i.e. bank transfers and Letters of Credit. As Bill Dodson writes at <a href="http://silkrc.com/chinadialogs/2008/04/07/to-be-or-not-to-b2b-in-china/">This is China! Blog</a>, <br /><blockquote><blockquote><i>For most companies in China, the websites are little more than brochures for brick-and-mortar operations that provide a service or product that is paid for in ways other than the internet. B2B in the form of e-commerce has been more difficult to monetize - especially in China - because the products on offer have to go through a manufacturing process that may or may not involve design, testing and quality checks.<br /></i></blockquote></blockquote>In addition, international transactions are further complicated by currency conversion issues:<br /><blockquote><blockquote><i>A company cannot simply wire money to a Chinese bank if the supplier does not have a foreign currency account at the bank. The supplier also requires permission to convert the payment into RMB that the bank will hold in the company's RMB account. Such complexity and sophistication are beyond the reach of most suppliers, which are miles away from banks that likely do not support such services in the countryside anyway. </i><br /></blockquote></blockquote>Alibaba's Alipay, originally created to support online auctions at Alibaba Group asset Taobao, however, is China's first attempt at an online payment system, and portals like Alibaba and Made-in-China are increasingly inserting themselves in online transactions between buyers and sellers. Alibaba this week also <a href="http://www.chinatechnews.com/2008/05/13/6734-alibaba-plans-to-launch-b2b-computer/">announced</a> plans for a partnership with Intel to launch a special B2B computer to meet the e-commerce demand of small and medium enterprises in China. The computer will be embedded into Alibaba's e-commerce platform for SMEs, and is expected to be released within the year. <br /><br />Yet as China's B2B industry grows rapidly and as China expands domestically and internationally, certainly there is room for more than one Alibaba? So concludes <a href="http://seekingalpha.com/article/77021-efuture-alibaba-s-not-the-only-kid-on-the-block?source=feed">Seeking Alpha</a>, while profiling e-Future, a player  that is growing at an <i>exponential </i>pace in the B2B industry. In less than one month, e-Future has launched two new websites to go along with its www.99114.com.cn, and as Seeking Alpha reported <a href="http://seekingalpha.com/article/68516-service-fee-income-e-futures-cash-cow">in March</a>, for the duration of last year e-Future grew by 79%, making it a veritable <i>cash cow </i>due to the fees the company obtains for software contracts provided to customers.<br /><br />See also <a href="http://www.sourcejuice.com/2008/05/14/importing-over-the-internet-challenges-opportunities-and-hedging-your-bets/">Source Juice</a>: Importing over the Internet? Challenges, opportunities, and hedging your bets!  <br /> <blockquote><blockquote></blockquote></blockquote> ]]></description>
            <link>http://www.chinasourcingblog.org/2008/05/sourcing-and-paying-online-ali.html</link>
            <guid>http://www.chinasourcingblog.org/2008/05/sourcing-and-paying-online-ali.html</guid>
            
                <category domain="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#category">Payment Systems</category>
            
            
                <category domain="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag">Alibaba</category>
            
                <category domain="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag">Alipay</category>
            
                <category domain="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag">B2B</category>
            
                <category domain="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag">e-Future</category>
            
                <category domain="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag">online payment</category>
            
                <category domain="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag">payment systems</category>
            
            <pubDate>Thu, 15 May 2008 02:52:47 +0800</pubDate>
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            <title>China&apos;s rising and hidden sourcing costs</title>
            <description><![CDATA[It is now well known that the famous - and hitherto unanimously considered cheap - China price is inexorably <a href="http://www.purchasing.com/blog/1550000355/post/480024448.html?nid=4021">inching upwards</a>. In fact, everything in China is going up, from yesterday's estimated earthquake <a href="http://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory?id=4842370">death toll</a> to <a href="http://www.nationmultimedia.com/2008/04/03/headlines/headlines_30069966.php">manufacturing costs</a> to <a href="http://www.asianewsnet.net/lifestyle.php?aid=15481">wedding costs</a> and of course, <a href="http://washingtontimes.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20080513/BUSINESS/143563730/1006">inflation</a>. As China gradually moves up the value chain, however, despite the odd snow storm and earthquake, the inevitably rising China price is detrimental to China's status as the best country for low cost sourcing, compared to <a href="http://www.purchasing.com/article/CA6557702.html?nid=4018">emerging opportunities</a> offered by countries such as Vietnam, Turkey, India and others in Central and Eastern Europe.<br /><br />In a survey for the American Chamber of Commerce's annual white paper, more than two-thirds of member companies  agreed last month that China was losing its competitive advantage in global markets due to rising costs, <a href="http://www.industryweek.com/ReadArticle.aspx?ArticleID=16223">Industry Week</a> reported. The top five business challenges in China were listed as human resources constraints, inconsistent regulatory interpretation, unclear regulation, lack of transparency and bureaucracy.  <a href="http://www.industryweek.com/ReadArticle.aspx?ArticleID=16151">Industry Week</a> earlier this month reported on a recent study of foreign manufacturers in China conducted jointly by the American Chamber of Commerce Shanghai and management consulting firm Booz Allen Hamilton, which found that 54% of companies manufacturing products in China agreed that China is losing its competitive edge to other low-cost nations like India and Vietnam, yet 83% intended to maintain their current operations in China despite the rising costs of manufacturing.<br /><br />While China is supposedly struggling to hold on to its prime position for cheap low cost country sourcing, new importers often do not realize the full impact of hidden costs of customs and shipping until the first order from China is complete. At <a href="http://www.smartchinasourcing.com/shipping/landed-cost-hidden-costs-of-customs-and-shipping.html">Smart China Sourcing</a>, Dylan Blankenship outlined what items need to be included to calculate total landed costs, and how to minimize these. A quote from a factory in China is only the beginning of the calculation, and it is important to clarify the exact terms of sale and what charges are the responsibility of each party, factory and buyer. Smaller importers can often pay less by negotiating to ship containers under a bigger importer's existing contract, helping them to meet their shipping quota. Additional costs may accrue, however, from relevant duty costs, courier/postage of original documentation, customs broker coordination fees, and 'last mile' providers that deliver to the final destination.&nbsp; &nbsp; ]]></description>
            <link>http://www.chinasourcingblog.org/2008/05/chinas-rising-and-hidden-sourc.html</link>
            <guid>http://www.chinasourcingblog.org/2008/05/chinas-rising-and-hidden-sourc.html</guid>
            
                <category domain="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#category">Payment Systems</category>
            
            
                <category domain="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag">low-cost china sourcing</category>
            
                <category domain="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag">payment systems</category>
            
                <category domain="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag">shipping costs</category>
            
            <pubDate>Tue, 13 May 2008 15:25:56 +0800</pubDate>
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            <title>Understanding China&apos;s sourcing centers (Guest post)</title>
            <description><![CDATA[<i>Note: </i><i>The following is a guest posting by Bradley A. Feuling, CEO, and Yi Kong, Vice President, Supply Chain Operations, <a href="http://www.kongandallan.com/">Kong and Allan</a>.</i><br /><br />Procurement from China is growing. The $1.7 trillion USD or 12.33 trillion RMB produced in 2007 for export provides strong evidence. With increasing manufacturing for foreign and local consumption, new companies are sprouting up. In many regions, we find companies that are untraditional to the historic capabilities of the area. This is just one factor to take into account. <br /><br /><i>Example: Suzhou</i><br />Consider Suzhou in Jiangsu province. Historically, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Anhui were known for light industry manufacturing such as fabrics and textiles. Automotive manufacturers are now entering what was once silk alley. The difference in local capabilities impacts skill development and material handling processes. Chery automotive in Anhui represents one exception. <br /><br /><i>Other regions in China</i><br />Traditionally, the northeast region focused and still does on heavy industry manufacturing. For automotive, steel, and oil buyers, strong sourcing partners are located here. Currently, the region has experienced slower economic growth, although First Automotive Group provides a developed supplier network. <br /><br />Shandong province, between Beijing and Jiangsu province, was agriculture based. Many smaller companies have developed in Shangdong, yet the larger supplier bases are linked today to the electronics industry with Haier and Hisense. <br /><br />Moving south, are Guangdong, Hunan, Yunnan, and Guizhou. Guizhou and Yunnan are known for liquor production, Mao Tai being a famous manufacturer. Guangdong, with its proximity to Hong Kong, became the first area for export-focused manufacturing. Many foundational industries required low-skilled labor such as furniture and textiles. <br /><br />In Central China, there are Shanxi and Sichuan. Sichuan was a military equipment manufacturing center, also serving the wine and liquor industries. Today, electronics suppliers are developing with the growth of Changhong. <br /><br />Lastly, we look to Inner Mongolia and in the west, Shaanxi, Gansu and Xinjiang. Inner Mongolia was a livestock -based economy. Today, the province is best known for dairy manufacturing. Western China was and still is the raw material resource base of China: iron ore and crude oil. Currently, the Central Government is influencing the movement of manufacturing to the west. Although investment has been high, a developed society mentality has yet to take hold.<br /><br /><i>Offsetting risks<br /></i>The risks are numerous to manufacturing products in an area historically not known for specific production. Knowledge and education of product specifics must be understood therefore training costs will be higher. Material management and handling procedures must be analyzed. For example, automotive logistics capabilities in northwest China will be stronger compared to Shanxi, although suppliers may exist. Also, understandings of western sense of service and practices in dealing with foreign companies will reduce certain risks. Regions along the east of China will offer a greater number of sourcing partners who have experience working with foreign buyers. <br /><br /><i>Bradley A. Feuling is the CEO of Kong and Allan, LLC, based in Shanghai, China. Kong and Allan is a consulting firm specializing in supply chain operations and global expansion. Yi Kong is vice president, Supply Chain Operations. </i><br />]]></description>
            <link>http://www.chinasourcingblog.org/2008/03/understanding-chinas-sourcing.html</link>
            <guid>http://www.chinasourcingblog.org/2008/03/understanding-chinas-sourcing.html</guid>
            
                <category domain="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#category">Opinion</category>
            
            
                <category domain="http://www.sixapart.com/ns/types#tag">china sourcing regions</category>
            
            <pubDate>Thu, 20 Mar 2008 16:48:10 +0800</pubDate>
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